RESUMO
Background: Oculocardiac reflex [OCR] is a life threatening, possible complication of corrective strabismus surgery and is more common among the pediatric patients. Sevoflurane and Propofol are the most commonly used agents in pediatric surgery. This study aimed to compare the effect of these two agents on oculocardiac reflex during corrective strabismus surgery in pediatrics patients
Materials and Methods: A total of 89 children were divided in two groups and no significant demographic data difference was between the two groups. Group 1 [n=45] received sevoflurane 6-8 percent as induction agent followed by 2-3 percent for maintenance, group 2 [n=44] was injected with propofol 3mg/kg as induction agent followed by 200microg/kg/min infusion as the maintenance dose, bispectral index [BIS] was kept 40-60 in both groups. Oculocardiac reflex was compared between the two groups
Results: Incidence of OCR of group 1was showed a significant decrease
Conclusion: Sevoflurane reduced the incidence of OCR. Sevoflurane may be the agent of choice in corrective strabismus surgery, compared to propofol
RESUMO
PURPOSE: Epidemiologic evaluation and investigating the causes of visual impairment in any society is a matter of concern and has a direct effect on the country's health care planning. In this study we describe causes of low vision and blindness in Iranian patients referred to rehabilitation clinics for taking vision aids. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, visual acuity was classified based on best-corrected visual acuity in the better eye according to the World Health Organization definition (blindness, visual acuity [VA] < 20 / 400; severe visual impairment, VA < 20 / 200-20 / 400; mild to moderate visual impairment, VA < 20 / 60-20 / 200). The causes of blindness and low vision were determined using the 10th version of International Classification of Diseases based on the main cause in both eyes. To describe data, we used mean +/- SD and frequency. RESULTS: The study included 432 patients, 65% male, with a mean age of 43.6 +/- 25.5 years (range, 3 to 92 years). Mild to moderate visual impairment, severe visual impairment and blindness were present in 122 (28.8%), 196 (46.4%) and 105 (24.8%) of the patients, respectively. The main causes of visual impairment were retinal and choroidal diseases (74.5%), optic nerve and optic tract diseases (9.8%), vitreous and globe disorders (5.3%), congenital cataract (3.1%), and glaucoma (2.6%). The distribution pattern of the causes was similar in all age subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Diseases of the retina and choroid are the main cause of visual impairment among patients referred to an academic visual rehabilitation clinic in Iran.